What is the 5 W strategy?

esolonline.tki.org.nz - Five Ws and an H and developing higher order questions - ESOL Online

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Five Ws and an H and developing higher order questions

Five Ws and an H

The five Ws (what, when, where, why, who) plus an H (how) strategy can be used in a variety of ways. It is often used to help students summarise an article they read. It also helps them to organise their thinking and it can lead students to use a range of question types independently. It is also relevant to writing a newspaper article or a report. The five 'W's (what, when, where, why, who) plus an 'H' (how) provide a strategy that is often used in news reporting in order to provide the audience with a quick overview of an event. It generally involves the following:

What: What happened?

When: When did it happen?

Where: Where did it happen?

Why: Why did it happen?

Who: Who was involved?

How: How did it happen?

The benefits of Five Ws and an H

A useful strategy to help students summarise an article they read. Helps students to organise their thinking. Can lead students to use a range of question types independently.

Developing high level questions

Developing higher order questions is a variation on the 5Ws and an H strategy in which students in small groups roll either one or two dice and form a question for their group to answer. On one cube write a question starter on each side. For example: How? Where? What? Why? When? Who? On the other cube write modal verbs such as: might, would, should, could, can, may, will. Using the teacher provided topic or text, students within each group take turns to roll the first dice and use the starters to form factual questions. Alternatively it can be made more difficult by requiring the students to roll both dice and to ask a question using both the question starter and the modal verb e.g. How could, who should. Model this activity with the class first. Put the students into small groups. You will need to make 2 cubes for each group of students. On one cube write a question starter on each side. For example: How? Where? What? Why? When? Who? On the other cube write modal verbs such as: might, would, should, could, can, may, will. Using some of the brainstormed topics, students within each group take turns to roll the first dice and use the starters to form factual questions:

How?

Where?

What?

Why?

Students then roll the two dice and use the modal verbs to lift the level of the questions:

Why would ... ?

This video shows Five Ws and an H being used in a secondary classroom

Teaching and learning sequence planning examples

Primary level:

Secondary level:

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